Gigabyte Passive Optical Network GPON

GPON is a point-to-multi point access mechanism. Its main characteristic is the use of passive splitters in the fiber distribution network, enabling one single feeding fiber from the provider's central office to serve multiple homes and businesses. 

GPON is defined by ITU-T recommendation series G.984. GPON can be applied in many areas. In fiber to the home (FTTH) application, GPON is distributed via single-mode, simplex optical fiber connectors, and passive optical splitter typically using angled polish connectors (APC) to provide precision terminations. There are four main components in this GPON system: the optical line terminal (OLT), the transmitting media (cabling and components), the fiber optical splitter, and the optical network terminal (ONT). 

• Allows fiber connections up to 20 km between the OLT and the ONT. This is a great advantage because the old xDSL connections only reach a maximum of 5.5 km at a lower connection speed. This is the reason why users who live far from the switchboard used to suffer an interruption in connection with the speed contracted with their Internet provider.
• It doesn’t need active intermediate equipment between the OLT and the ONT. It simplifies the deployment of fiber and allows much more straightforward and cheaper network topologies. Remember that splitters are passive elements.
• Considerable reduction of costs for the operator because it allows sending many services at the same time through the same fiber connection. It can simultaneously send:
• Voice (VoIP phone)
• Data (Internet)
• TV and video (Multicast). We can send digital television in high definition (IPTV), video on demand (VOD), analog broadcast by RF.
• The operation and maintenance for the operators are also simpler because GPON has remote management of the user’s equipment (ONT), download updates, operating parameters, and more.